{"id":741,"date":"2015-03-06T15:43:11","date_gmt":"2015-03-06T14:43:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.activasalut.com\/que-es-lenuresi-infantil\/"},"modified":"2015-07-02T11:34:13","modified_gmt":"2015-07-02T10:34:13","slug":"que-es-lenuresi-infantil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.activasalut.com\/ca\/que-es-lenuresi-infantil\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s l’enuresi infantil?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u201cMama, papa… Ho sento! No s\u00e9 com ha passat!\u201d Aquesta podria ser una de les t\u00edpiques d\u2019un infant afectat d\u2019enuresi<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"euneresian\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Per\u00f2 qu\u00e8 \u00e9s realment l\u2019enuresi?<\/span><\/p>\n

Sota aquest nom, trobem una afectaci\u00f3 del control de la micci\u00f3 que es basa en una contracci\u00f3 involunt\u00e0ria de la bufeta, en l\u2019etapa infantil-adolescent. Per tant, serien les miccions incontrolades m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de l\u2019edat del control vesical, el qual no es dona per completat fins els, aproximadament, sis anys (els nens no tenen continen\u00e7a total fins els quatre anys, i fins el sis, poden tenir accidents, ja que es tracta d\u2019un reflexa de maduraci\u00f3 tardana).<\/span><\/p>\n

Estad\u00edsticament \u00e9s m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent en nens i afecta a un 10% d\u2019infants majors de sis anys<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019enuresi la podem classificar de varies maneres:<\/span><\/p>\n

A-. SEGONS MOMENT DEL DIA:<\/span><\/p>\n

A.1. DIURNA<\/b>: Afecta m\u00e9s a les nenes. Sempre hem d\u2019excloure infeccions d\u2019orina, el que far\u00e0 important les normes d\u2019higiene-neteja.<\/span><\/p>\n

A.2. NOCTURNA<\/b>: La m\u00e9s coneguda i la m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent. Afecta m\u00e9s als nens. \u00c9s dona durant la fase de la son d\u2019ones lentes<\/i>, generalment del pas del son profund al son lleuger.<\/span><\/p>\n

B-.SEGONS CONTROL DE MICCI\u00d3:<\/span><\/p>\n

B.1. PRIM\u00c0RIA<\/b>: Mai hi hagut control de la contin\u00e8ncia. Generalment, millora a la pubertat. Les causes van des d\u2019un retard en el desenvolupament, factors gen\u00e8tics, desordres de la son… fins a alteracions hormonals.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sempre hem d\u2019excloure malformacions tracte urogenital<\/i> (duplicitats ureterals<\/i>)<\/span><\/p>\n

B.2. SECUNDARIA<\/b>:\u00a0 Afecta a nens de m\u00e9s edat, els quals han passat per una fase de contin\u00e8ncia total. Gaireb\u00e9 sempre, la causa \u00e9s psicologia\/emocional<\/i>, encara que tamb\u00e9 hem de tenir en compte causes traum\u00e0tiques, infeccions d\u2019orina, entre d\u2019altres.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cal sempre diferenciar l\u2019enuresi de la nict\u00faria. Amb aquest terme s\u2019ent\u00e9n un augment de la freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de la micci\u00f3 nocturna per\u00f2 no incontin\u00e8ncia. <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Les causes de l\u2019enuresi (que \u00e9s un s\u00edmptoma i no una malaltia per si mateix) poden ser d\u2019origen:<\/span><\/p>\n

A-. ORG\u00c0NIC<\/b>: Sempre existeix una causa f\u00edsica (ex. Afectaci\u00f3 cong\u00e8nita)<\/span><\/p>\n

B-. FUNCIONAL<\/b>: El 95% enuresi s\u00f3n d\u2019aquest tipus. T\u00e9 a veure amb la maduraci\u00f3 del sistema nervi\u00f3s central.<\/span><\/p>\n

C-.HER\u00c8NCIA<\/b>: La majoria; si un o ambd\u00f3s dels progenitors van patir enuresi, es multiplica la probabilitat de patir-la.<\/span><\/p>\n

D-. INMADURITAT VESICAL PER INESTABILITAT M\u00daSCUL DETRUSOR<\/b> (m\u00e9s la di\u00fcrna): Aspectes cognitius no integrats (si forcem l\u2019aprenentatge de la contin\u00e8ncia podem tenir problemes d\u2019integraci\u00f3) o alteracions de la son.<\/span><\/p>\n

Els tractaments de l\u2019enuresi s\u2019han d\u2019iniciar segons la preocupaci\u00f3 dels pares i de l\u2019infant. Llevat de les causes org\u00e0niques (on sovint el tractament pot ser quir\u00fargic), la resta tenen tractament m\u00e8dic, i entre aquests la Fisioter\u00e0pia hi t\u00e9 un paper important.<\/span><\/p>\n

ELS TIPUS DE TRACTAMENTS MEDICS NO QUIRURGICS SON<\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

1-. DESPERTAR PIPI<\/b>: Ajuda a crear un reflexa condicionat. T\u00e9 afectes secundaris, sobretot a nivell dels pares ja que trenca el ritme de la son.<\/span><\/p>\n

2-.F\u00c0RMACS<\/b>: Imipramina<\/i>, anticolin\u00e8rgics<\/i>…<\/span><\/p>\n

3-.FISIOTER\u00c0PIA:<\/b> T\u00e8cniques que intervenen en la regulaci\u00f3 del ritme cicardia (24h) de l\u2019alternan\u00e7a son-vig\u00edlia. S\u00f3n t\u00e8cniques que actuen a nivell hipot\u00e0lem, el qual regula la son. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dintre d\u2019aquestes t\u00e8cniques de fisioter\u00e0pia tenim:<\/span><\/p>\n

A-\u00a0\u00a0 La gimnasia hipopressiva<\/b> (Marcel Caufriez<\/a>): T\u00e9cnica r\u00edtmica que potencia l’estat de vig\u00edlia<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

B-\u00a0\u00a0 Massatge psicosensorial<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C-\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b>T\u00e9cniques Watsu<\/em><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

4.- CANVI D\u2019H\u00c0BITS<\/b>: Regulaci\u00f3 de la son, h\u00e0bits higi\u00e8nics.<\/span><\/p>\n

En resum, davant d\u2019un cas d\u2019enuresi, tant pares com professionals, han tenir clar que:<\/span><\/p>\n

– No \u00e9s una malaltia<\/span><\/p>\n

– T\u00e9 soluci\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

– Sovint pot ser una decisi\u00f3 intel\u00b7ligent esperar a que es doni el desenvolupament natural de l\u2019infant.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Dra. Eva Selicke<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u201cMama, papa… Ho sento! No s\u00e9 com ha passat!\u201d Aquesta podria ser una de les t\u00edpiques d\u2019un infant afectat d\u2019enuresi. Per\u00f2 qu\u00e8 \u00e9s realmentLlegeix m\u00e9s…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1168,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[783,88,610,621,831,602],"tags":[790],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la enuresis infantil?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La enuresis infantil muy com\u00fan entre los ni\u00f1os. La Dra. 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